The study was stopped early by an operational and safety monitoring board due to futility after 40% of the planned 520 participants were enrolled (n = 214). 3 The primary endpoint was the number of days required to reach a 50% reduction in the patient’s symptom severity score. In an open-label trial conducted at 2 sites in the United States, outpatients with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were randomized to receive either 10 days of oral ascorbic acid 8,000 mg, zinc gluconate 50 mg, both agents, or standard of care. Clinical Data for Nonhospitalized Patients With COVID-19 There is insufficient evidence for the Panel to recommend either for or against the use of vitamin C for the treatment of COVID-19 in nonhospitalized patients.īecause patients who are not critically ill with COVID-19 are less likely to experience oxidative stress or severe inflammation, the role of vitamin C in this setting is unknown.Recommendation for Nonhospitalized Patients With COVID-19 It is an antioxidant and free radical scavenger that has anti-inflammatory properties, influences cellular immunity and vascular integrity, serves as a cofactor in endogenous catecholamine generation, and has been studied in many disease states, 1,2 including COVID-19. Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is a water-soluble vitamin that has been considered for potential beneficial effects in patients with varying degrees of illness severity. Results from adequately powered, well-designed, and well-conducted clinical trials are needed to provide further guidance on the role of vitamin C in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. The studies summarized in this section have had the greatest impact on the COVID-19 Treatment Guidelines Panel’s (the Panel) recommendations.
In addition, the study designs had different doses or formulations of vitamin C and different outcome measures, and the study populations included patients with varying concomitant medications and COVID-19 disease severity. However, most of these studies had significant limitations, such as a small sample size or a lack of randomization or blinding. Since the most recent revision of this section, the results from several cohort studies, clinical trials, and meta-analyses on the use of vitamin C in patients with COVID-19 have been published in peer-reviewed journals or have been made available as manuscripts before peer review.
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